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B-Vitamins are vital for our health but why?

Vitamins often function as co-enzymes. These are essential co-factors needed by enzymes in order to release energy in the cell from sugar or fat, and for other vital biochemical reactions.

We are unable make these substances in our bodies, so when levels are low for some time, signs and/or symptoms of disorder or dysfunction will eventually appear.

Health can often be restored when the deficiency is corrected, but prolonged deficiency of some vitamins can lead to degenerative health conditions.

 

VITAMINS

WATER SOLUABLE

FUNCTIONS DEFICIENCY INDICATORS DAILY INTAKE RECOMMENDATIONS
THIAMINE

B1

Essential molecule in cellular energy pathways, especially vital for brain and nerve cells. Confusion, depression, fatigue, numb limbs, pins and needles, muscle weakness. Contributes to mental decline, including dementia in elderly and psychiatric patients. Men: 1mg

Women: 0.8mg

RIBOFLAVIN

B2

Essential co-enzyme in many energy pathways Cracked, scaly skin, especially round mouth & nose.

Eye & vision problems, sore tongue, anaemia

Men: 1.3mg

Women: 1.1mg

NIACIN

B3

 

Central role throughout metabolism. Body can make some niacin from tryptophan (amino acid). Pellagra is characterised by the ‘3Ds’ – diarrhoea, dermatitis, dementia. Skin problems, insomnia, poor memory, depression, fatigue. Men: 16.5mg

Women: 13.2mg

PANTOTHENIC ACID

B5

Vital for energy and adrenal function, the ‘anti-stress’ vitamin. depression, fatigue, duodenal ulcers, poor appetite, lowered immunity, teeth grinding, burning soles of feet Men and Women: 5mg
PYRIDOXINE

B6

Vital in multiple enzyme systems, fat and protein metabolism, and for healthy blood, bone, immune system. Hugely important substance. nervous system disorders, skin problems, insomnia, PMS Men: 1.4mg

Women: 1.2mg

FOLIC ACID/FOLATE

B9

Protein metabolism, secure cell division, anti-cancer, foetal development, healthy blood. low energy, poor immunity, poor mental health, anaemia Men and women: 200μg

Pregnant women: 400μg until your 12 weeks pregnant. If baby is at risk of spinal tube defects you are advised to take a higher dose of 5mg.

COBALAMIN

B12

Vital for blood cells to mature, health of NS cells, methylation pathways throughout metabolism – works in tandem with folate. lowered male fertility, dementia, depression, confusion, peripheral nerve damage, pernicious anaemia. Men and women: 2mg or less everyday.

 

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